Minerals are the raw materials of rocks. Rocks are formed from igneous, sedimentary or other metamorphic rocks which contain minerals that have been changed by heat, pressure, or chemical action.

Granite: The word granite comes from the Latin granum, a grain – in reference to the coarse-grained structure of a crystalline rock.
It is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive felsic igneous rock. Granites are usually medium to coarsely crystalline, occasionally with some individual crystals larger. It is nearly always massive, hard and tough and it is for this reason it has gained widespread use as a construction stone.
The red pyramid of ancient Egypt, the third largest of Egyptian pyramids, is a famous example of its use dating back to antiquity.

Marble: Marble is a metamorphic rock resulting from the metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks, either limestone or dolostone, or metamorphism of older marble. The temperatures and pressures necessary to form marble usually destroy any fossils and sedimentary textures present in the original rock.
The characteristic swirls and veins of many coloured marble varieties are usually due to various mineral impurities such as clay, silt, sand or iron oxides which were originally present as grains or layers in the limestone. The Taj Mahal is a world famous example of the beauty of the Indian Makrana marble.

Travertine: is a sedimentary rock. It is a natural chemical precipitate of carbonate minerals formed when carbon dioxide-rich water percolates through rocks in limestone areas. When pure, travertine is white, but often is brown to yellow due to impurities. Extensive deposits exist at Tivoli, Italy, near Rome and that was where its name comes from. Tivoli was known as Tibur in ancient roman times, and the ancient name of the stone was lapis tiburtinus meaning tibur stone, which has been corrupted to travertine.
The largest building in the world constructed largely of travertine is the Colosseum in Rome.

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